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Thyroid eye disease (TED), also known as Graves ophthalmopathy, is an autoimmune disorder that affects the eyes and is associated with hyperthyroidism. The condition causes inflammation, swelling, and muscle and tissue expansion around the eyes, which can lead to vision impairment, discomfort, and disfigurement. The treatment of TED typically involves a combination of approaches, including steroids, radiation, and surgery. However, recently, a new drug, ZB001, has shown promising results in the treatment of TED.
ZB001 is a monoclonal antibody that targets insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R). The drug was developed by Zai Lab, a China-based biopharmaceutical company, and is currently in Phase III clinical trials in the United States and China.
IGF-1R is a protein that plays a crucial role in cell growth and division, as well as in the regulation of the immune system. In TED, IGF-1R is thought to contribute to the expansion of the tissues and muscles around the eyes by stimulating the growth of cells in these areas. By blocking the activity of IGF-1R, ZB001 aims to reduce the inflammation and swelling associated with TED and prevent the progression of the disease.
Several studies have evaluated the safety and efficacy of ZB001 in patients with TED. In a Phase II trial conducted in China, ZB001 was found to be safe and well-tolerated, with no serious adverse events reported. The study also showed that ZB001 significantly reduced the severity of eye symptoms, including proptosis (bulging of the eyes), eyelid swelling, and eye muscle inflammation, compared to the placebo.
In another Phase II trial conducted in the United States, ZB001 was compared to tocilizumab, a drug commonly used to treat TED. The study found that both drugs were similarly effective in reducing the severity of eye symptoms. However, ZB001 was associated with a lower rate of adverse events, including infusion reactions, compared to tocilizumab.
The Phase III clinical trials of ZB001 are currently underway, and the results are expected to be available in the coming years. If the trials are successful, ZB001 could become a valuable addition to the treatment options for TED.
Conclusion
ZB001 is a promising drug for the treatment of thyroid eye disease. By targeting the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor, ZB001 aims to reduce inflammation and swelling in the tissues and muscles around the eyes, thereby improving eye symptoms and preventing the progression of the disease. Although more research is needed to confirm the safety and efficacy of ZB001, the early results are encouraging, and ZB001 could provide a much-needed treatment option for patients with TED.
ZB001 also known as the “miracle drug,” is a new breakthrough in the world of medicine. It is an experimental medication that has shown remarkable efficacy against a wide range of viruses, including influenza, HIV, and coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV-2.
The development of ZB001 is the result of years of research by a team of scientists led by Dr. Zhang Zhibin, a renowned virologist at the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. The drug works by targeting a specific protein that is essential for the replication of viruses, thus preventing the virus from multiplying and spreading throughout the body.
Initial clinical trials of ZB001 have been extremely promising. In a study conducted on patients with severe COVID-19, the drug was able to significantly reduce the duration of illness, shorten the length of hospital stay, and improve survival rates. Moreover, ZB001 was found to be safe and well-tolerated, with no serious side effects reported.
One of the most significant advantages of ZB001 is its broad-spectrum activity against a variety of viruses. This makes it a potentially valuable tool in the fight against emerging infectious diseases, which often present a significant challenge due to their unpredictable nature and rapid spread.
The potential impact of ZB001 cannot be overstated. In addition to its potential to treat COVID-19, the drug could also prove to be a valuable weapon in the fight against other viral diseases, such as influenza and HIV. Moreover, the development of ZB001 represents a major step forward in the field of antiviral research, providing hope for the development of more effective treatments for a range of infectious diseases.
However, it is important to note that the development of ZB001 is still in its early stages, and much more research is needed before the drug can be widely used. While initial clinical trials have been encouraging, further studies are required to determine the optimal dosage and duration of treatment, as well as to assess the drug’s safety and efficacy in larger patient populations.
Conclusion
ZB001 represents a major breakthrough in the field of antiviral research. Its broad-spectrum activity and promising clinical results make it a potentially valuable tool in the fight against a wide range of infectious diseases. While there is still much work to be done before the drug can be widely used, the development of ZB001 provides hope for the development of more effective treatments for some of the world’s most challenging viral diseases.
Obexelimab and What it Means for Autoimmune Disorders?
Obexelimab is a novel monoclonal antibody that is currently under investigation for the treatment of various autoimmune disorders. This medication works by binding to a protein called CD6, which is found on the surface of T cells in the immune system.
CD6 is involved in the activation of T cells, which play a critical role in the immune response. When T cells are activated, they produce cytokines that can cause inflammation and tissue damage. In autoimmune disorders, T cells become overactive and attack healthy tissues in the body, leading to chronic inflammation and damage.
Obexelimab works by blocking the activation of T cells, thereby reducing inflammation and tissue damage. This medication is being studied for the treatment of several autoimmune disorders, including psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis.
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It is characterized by red, scaly patches on the skin that can be painful and itchy. Obexelimab is being studied as a treatment for moderate-to-severe psoriasis in clinical trials. In the Phase II clinical trial, obexelimab was found to significantly reduce the severity of psoriasis symptoms in patients compared to a placebo.
Rheumatoid arthritis is another autoimmune disorder that affects the joints, causing pain, swelling, and stiffness. Obexelimab is being studied as a treatment for rheumatoid arthritis in clinical trials. In the Phase II clinical trial, obexelimab was found to reduce joint pain and swelling in patients with rheumatoid arthritis compared to placebo.
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disorder that affects the central nervous system, causing a wide range of symptoms such as muscle weakness, vision problems, and difficulty with coordination. Obexelimab is being studied as a treatment for multiple sclerosis in clinical trials. In the Phase II clinical trial, obexelimab was found to reduce the number of relapses in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis compared to a placebo.
Obexelimab is generally well-tolerated, with the most common side effects being mild-to-moderate injection site reactions. However, as with any medication, there is always a risk of more serious side effects, and patients should speak with their healthcare provider about any concerns they may have.
Conclusion
Obexelimab is a promising new treatment option for several autoimmune disorders, including psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis. Clinical trials have shown that obexelimab can significantly reduce inflammation and improve symptoms in these conditions, and further research is ongoing to fully explore its potential.
Health chiefs are saying over-the-counter household medications such as Sudafed, Nurofen, and Day & Night Nurse could be banned from shelves because of their links to extremely rare brain disorders.
Pseudoephedrine is a popular over-the-counter medication used to relieve nasal congestion caused by allergies, colds, and other respiratory illnesses. It belongs to a class of drugs known as decongestants and is sold under various brand names, including Sudafed, Sudafed PE, and Afrinol. Pseudoephedrine works by narrowing the blood vessels in the nasal passages, reducing inflammation and congestion.
Pseudoephedrine was first approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1950 and has been available for use in the United States since then. It is commonly found in combination with other medications, such as antihistamines, in over-the-counter cold and allergy remedies.
While pseudoephedrine is generally considered safe when used as directed, it can have side effects, including increased heart rate, elevated blood pressure, nervousness, restlessness, and difficulty sleeping. These side effects are typically mild and short-lived, but in rare cases, they can be more severe.
One of the major concerns with pseudoephedrine is its potential for abuse. Pseudoephedrine can be used to make methamphetamine, a highly addictive drug. As a result, in 2005, the US government passed the Combat Methamphetamine Epidemic Act, which placed restrictions on the sale of pseudoephedrine-containing products.
Under this law, consumers must show a photo identification and sign a logbook to purchase products containing pseudoephedrine. They are also limited in the amount they can purchase in a given time period. These measures have been effective in reducing the number of clandestine methamphetamine labs in the United States.
Despite these restrictions, some individuals still attempt to obtain pseudoephedrine illegally, often by purchasing it in large quantities from multiple retailers or through online sources. This has led to ongoing concerns about the abuse potential of pseudoephedrine and the need for continued monitoring and regulation.
Overall, while pseudoephedrine can be an effective treatment for nasal congestion, it is important to use it only as directed and to be aware of its potential side effects and abuse potential. If you have any questions or concerns about using pseudoephedrine or other medications, it is always best to consult with a healthcare professional.
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) is a rare and potentially life-threatening neurological disorder that is characterized by changes in the brain that can lead to a range of symptoms, including seizures, headaches, and visual disturbances. PRES typically occurs in individuals who have an underlying medical condition or who have experienced a traumatic event, such as a stroke or a severe injury.
Symptoms of PRES can develop rapidly and may include headaches, confusion, seizures, and vision changes. In some cases, the symptoms may progress to more serious complications, such as cerebral edema (swelling of the brain) or intracranial hemorrhage (bleeding in the brain). If left untreated, PRES can lead to long-term neurological damage or even death.
The exact cause of PRES is not fully understood, but it is believed to be related to changes in the blood vessels of the brain. These changes may be triggered by a variety of factors, including high blood pressure, immunosuppressive medications, infections, or autoimmune disorders. In some cases, PRES may occur following a traumatic event, such as a stroke or a severe head injury.
Diagnosis of PRES typically involves a combination of physical exams, imaging tests, and neurological assessments. A brain MRI is often used to identify the characteristic changes in the brain that are associated with PRES. Additional tests, such as blood tests or lumbar puncture (spinal tap), may be used to rule out other possible causes of the symptoms.
Treatment of PRES typically involves addressing the underlying medical condition or trigger that caused the symptoms. For example, if high blood pressure is identified as the cause, medications may be prescribed to lower blood pressure. In some cases, medications such as anticonvulsants or steroids may be used to help manage the symptoms of PRES.
The prognosis for individuals with PRES varies depending on the severity of the symptoms and the underlying cause of the condition. In many cases, individuals will experience a full recovery with prompt and appropriate treatment. However, some individuals may experience long-term neurological damage or other complications.
To prevent PRES, it is important to maintain good overall health and to manage any underlying medical conditions that may increase the risk of developing the disorder. This may involve making lifestyle changes such as improving diet and exercise habits, managing stress levels, and monitoring blood pressure and other vital signs.
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome is a rare but potentially life-threatening neurological disorder that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. Individuals who experience symptoms of PRES, such as headaches, seizures, or vision changes, should seek medical attention right away to prevent serious complications. With appropriate treatment and management, many individuals with PRES can experience a full recovery and regain their quality of life.
Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome (RCVS) is a rare but potentially serious condition that affects the blood vessels of the brain. The syndrome is characterized by recurrent, severe headaches that are often accompanied by other neurological symptoms such as visual disturbances, seizures, and confusion. RCVS is caused by a temporary narrowing of the blood vessels in the brain, which can result in reduced blood flow and damage to brain tissue. Fortunately, RCVS is usually reversible and can be managed with appropriate treatment.
Causes of RCVS:
The exact cause of RCVS is not well understood, but it is believed to be related to the sudden and intense constriction (narrowing) of the blood vessels in the brain. This constriction can be triggered by a number of factors, including:
Medications: RCVS can be a side effect of certain medications, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), ergotamines, and triptans.
Illicit drugs: The use of illicit drugs such as cocaine or amphetamines can also trigger RCVS.
Hormonal changes: Hormonal changes, such as those that occur during pregnancy or menopause, have been associated with RCVS.
Physical exertion: RCVS has been reported in individuals who have engaged in strenuous physical activity or weightlifting.
Symptoms of RCVS:
The symptoms of RCVS can vary in severity and duration. Some people may experience only mild symptoms, while others may experience severe headaches and other neurological symptoms. The most common symptoms of RCVS include:
Sudden and severe headache
Visual disturbances, such as blurry vision or double vision
Seizures
Confusion or disorientation
Nausea or vomiting
Neck stiffness or pain
Diagnosis of RCVS:
Diagnosing RCVS can be challenging because the symptoms are similar to those of other neurological conditions, such as migraines or strokes. If RCVS is suspected, the healthcare provider may order a number of tests to confirm the diagnosis, including:
Brain imaging: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scans may be used to visualize the blood vessels in the brain and identify any areas of constriction.
Cerebral angiography: This test involves injecting a contrast dye into the blood vessels of the brain and using X-rays to create detailed images of the blood vessels.
Lumbar puncture: A sample of cerebrospinal fluid (the fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord) may be taken and analyzed to rule out other conditions.
Treatment of RCVS:
Treatment for RCVS typically involves managing the symptoms and addressing any underlying causes. Medications such as calcium channel blockers and anti-epileptic drugs may be used to help prevent constriction of the blood vessels and manage seizures. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary for close monitoring and management of symptoms.
Most people with RCVS recover completely within a few weeks to months, although some may experience recurrent episodes. It is important to follow up with a healthcare provider regularly to monitor for any long-term complications and to manage any underlying conditions that may have triggered the RCVS.
Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome is a rare but potentially serious condition that affects the blood vessels of the brain. It can be triggered by a number of factors, including medications, illicit drugs, hormonal changes, and physical exertion. Early diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent complications and ensure a full recovery. If you experience any of the symptoms associated with RCVS, it is important to seek medical attention immediately.
iSchaemia:
iSchaemia, also known as ischemia, is a medical condition characterized by a restriction in blood supply to an organ or tissue. This can occur in any part of the body, including the heart, brain, limbs, and internal organs. iSchaemia is a serious condition that can cause tissue damage or death if left untreated.
The most common cause of iSchaemia is a blockage in the blood vessels that supply the affected organ or tissue. This can be caused by a variety of factors, including blood clots, plaque buildup in the arteries, or compression of blood vessels due to injury or other medical conditions. In some cases, iSchaemia can also be caused by a decrease in blood flow due to low blood pressure, shock, or other circulatory problems.
The symptoms of iSchaemia depend on the location of the affected organ or tissue. In the case of iSchaemic heart disease, for example, patients may experience chest pain, shortness of breath, and fatigue. iSchaemia of the brain can cause symptoms such as confusion, dizziness, and difficulty speaking or moving. iSchaemia of the limbs can cause pain, numbness, and weakness.
Diagnosis of iSchaemia typically involves a physical exam, medical history review, and diagnostic tests such as imaging studies, blood tests, and electrocardiograms (ECGs). Treatment for iSchaemia depends on the underlying cause and the severity of the condition. In some cases, medications such as blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs may be used to prevent further blood clots from forming. Surgery or other invasive procedures may also be necessary to restore blood flow to the affected area.
Prevention of iSchaemia involves a healthy lifestyle and management of underlying medical conditions such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and diabetes. Quitting smoking, exercising regularly, and maintaining a healthy weight can also help reduce the risk of iSchaemia.
iSchaemia is a serious medical condition that can cause tissue damage or death if left untreated. It can affect any part of the body and is typically caused by a blockage or restriction in blood flow. Diagnosis and treatment of iSchaemia involve a thorough evaluation by a medical professional, as well as management of underlying medical conditions and lifestyle changes to reduce the risk of recurrence.
Conclusion
PRES and RCVS can involve reduced blood supply (ischaemia) to the brain and may cause major and life-threatening complications in some cases.
Signs of PRES often include headaches, vision problems, mental changes, seizures, and swelling in the brain, according to the NHS.
Pseudoephedrine is already known to pose a slight risk to the heart including strokes and heart attacks.
Other decongestants, such as products made by Benylin, Nurofen, and Day & Night Nurse, would also be affected if any change was necessary.
Dozens of own-brand remedies — including ones at Boots and Lloyds — also contain the chemical.
The decongestant works by narrowing swollen blood vessels in the sinuses — which causes the nose to become blocked in the first place.
The Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA), which polices the safety of drugs used in Britain, is behind the review.
The European Medicines Agency (EMA) launched its own review into the safety of medicine less than a fortnight ago.
Micro-dosing Psilocybin Mushrooms improve mental health after one month.
Suffering from mental health issues for over 30 years now and being prescribed the same medication year in and year out without any significant improvement one must look at alternative ways to heal.
I suffer from anxiety, stress, depression, panic attacks, social disconnection, and OCD.
The NHS has failed me because month after month my symptoms do not improve, and I must resort to self-help to get through certain days.
I have never explored or ever taken psychedelic drugs and it was only by watching a documentary on Netflix “How to change your mind” that I started to realize there are diverse ways to treat my disorder.
Psilocybin Mushrooms.
Psilocybin mushrooms: commonly known as magic mushrooms, mushrooms, are a polyphyletic informal group of fungi that contain psilocybin which turns into psilocin upon ingestion. Biological genera containing psilocybin mushrooms include Copelandia, Gymnopilus, Inocybe, Panaeolus, Pholiotina, Pluteus, and Psilocybe. Wikipedia
The study published in Nature: Scientific Reports has observed significant benefits to mood and mental health after one month of micro-dosing psilocybin mushrooms.
Mushroom microdoses saw greater improvements across the DASS domains of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress. The study found that the microdose cognitive efficacy was higher performing in people aged under 55.
The study looked at 1133 people over the course of two years. All subjects were over 18 years old, able to read in English, and had access to an iPhone iOS device where participants recorded their results. Scientific Reports is a peer-reviewed, open-access scientific journal published online by Nature Portfolio.
The study was conducted by a team of experts in the fields of psychology and mycology: Joseph M. Rootman, Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada; Maggie Kiraga, an employee of Quantified Citizen Technologies. Pamela Kryskow, a member of the clinical advisory board of Numinus Wellness, co-founder of MycoMedica Life Sciences, and on the Scientific & Medical Advisory Board; Kalin Harvey; Paul Stamets, who founded Fungi Perfecti, LLC; Eesmyal Santos-Brault; Kim P. C. Kuypers; and Zach Walsh, a member of the Advisory Board of the Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS) Canada and MycoMedica Life Sciences.
The reason GPs are not willing to advise or prescribe holistic medicine is that it would cost the Big Pharma Industry big bucks. If people could cure themselves after a month of using natural plant-made drugs the pharma companies would soon feel the pinch. I wrote previously what your doctor won’t tell you.
I have concluded my own doctor is as useful as a chocolate fire guard.
Even if my doctor could not prescribe ‘Microdosing Psilocybin Mushrooms’ she could have at least told me about it and recommended where I should go to get it. According to the UK, it is still not legal and a petition was made but coincidently because of a General Election in November 2019 it was closed, well all I can say is someone should restart it again: https://petition.parliament.uk/archived/petitions/260806
All I know is that Imperial College London is doing research into the benefits and negative effects of psilocybin and other psychedelic compounds. I only say this as I reside in the UK but other parts of the world will have other studies, where you need to do your own research to find out who is doing it closer to your area.
In the most rigorous trial to date assessing the therapeutic potential of a ‘psychedelic’ compound, researchers compared two sessions of psilocybin therapy with a six-week course of a leading antidepressant (a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor called escitalopram) in 59 people with moderate-to-severe depression.
The results, published today in the New England Journal of Medicine, show that while depression scores were reduced in both groups, the reductions occurred more quickly in the psilocybin group and were greater in magnitude.
Editors Thoughts.
As a consequence, I blame the NHS and the powers that be for not giving me the right support and ultimately making my condition worse.
Similar to abortions, who has the right to say what you do with your body?
It is your body and how you treat is your business and no one else’s unless you are out of control.
What a person consumes is on them if they are of sound mind. Why make alcohol and cigarettes legal when they cause, liver failure or cancer. The reason why is because ‘Big Pharma’ relies on you becoming unwell. Whilst if everyone was cured they would not be laughing all the way to the bank.
People treated with psilocybin – named ‘COMP360’ by its developers, COMPASS Pathways PLC – showed marked improvements across a range of subjective measures, including in their ability to feel pleasure, and express emotions, greater reductions in anxiety and suicidal ideation, and increased feelings of wellbeing.
Dr. Robin Carhart-Harris, Head of the Centre for Psychedelic Research at Imperial, who designed and led the study, said: “These results comparing two doses of psilocybin therapy with 43 daily doses of one of the best performing SSRI antidepressants help contextualize psilocybin’s promise as a potential mental health treatment. Remission rates were twice as high in the psilocybin group than in the escitalopram group.
“One of the most important aspects of this work is that people can clearly see the promise of properly delivered psilocybin therapy by viewing it compared with a more familiar, established treatment in the same study. Psilocybin performed very favorably in this head-to-head.”
As suggested by the Imperial College London / Thomas Angus; Psilocybin capsules: warn that while the initial findings are encouraging,patients with depression should not attempt to self-medicate with psilocybin.However, I will be writing to anyone that is doing clinical trials with the view of volunteering.
I am therefore going to be on the lookout for clinical trials in my area, we can only wait and see. I could have been cured years ago, instead of being kept as a lab rat.
Most of us when we fall ill, trust our local medical practitioners to get the best remedies and advice. However one has to look at the fact that Doctors’ surgeries are small businesses and the revenue they receive, is from the drugs they prescribe, so it would make no sense to send a patient away and to offer holistic medicine. Pharmaceutical companies are not going to allow your doctor to promote alternative medicine for obvious reasons.
The pharmaceutical industry totaled 1.27 trillion US Dollars in 2020 and is responsible for the research, development, production, and distribution of medications. The market has experienced significant growth during the past two decades, and pharma revenues worldwide.
An alternative would be to try holistic medication and if that did not work then resort to seeing your doctor. Holistic medicine aims to improve health and wellness through the body, mind, and soul. Usually, holistic medicine combines traditional medicine and complementary and alternative medicine (CAM).
(Disclaimer – You must visit your doctor if you have a serious condition and you should not put off something that if caught quickly can be treated. If you are seriously unwell you should visit your local doctor as soon as possible and not delay your recovery by trying to cure it yourself). Holistic medicine is for people like me who have been on medication for 30 years and find it has little benefit so will look for alternative medicine, whilst still continuing to take the prescribed medication, until a cure is found).
I have recently read that Blueberries have medicinal properties: Blueberries can help heart health, bone strength, skin health, blood pressure, diabetes management, cancer prevention, and mental health.
People who use blood thinners, such as warfarin, should speak to their medical practitioner before increasing their intake of blueberries, as the high vitamin K content can affect blood clotting.
I am all for improving mental health and when I have been prescribed medication for the last 30 years that has little to no effect I have to look at alternative solutions. I am definitely going to include blueberries in my diet from now on: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/287710
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